Nigeria Demographics

Population of Nigeria (2023)

View live population, charts & trends: Population of Nigeria

Nigeria Population
223,804,632
Yearly Change
+ 2.41%
Global Share
2.78%
Global Rank

Median Age

The median age in Nigeria is 17.2 years (2023).

Fertility in Nigeria

A Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 2.1 represents the Replacement-Level Fertility: the average number of children per woman needed for each generation to exactly replace itself without needing international immigration. A value below 2.1 will cause the native population to decline

pregnant_woman Total Fertiliy Rate (TFR)
5.1
(Live Births per Woman, 2023)

Life Expectancy in Nigeria

See also: Countries in the world ranked by Life Expectancy

Both Sexes
53.9 years
(life expectancy at birth, both sexes combined)
Females
54.2 years
(life expectancy at birth, females)
Males
53.5 years
(life expectancy at birth, males)

Infant Mortality Rate and Deaths of Children under 5 Years Old in Nigeria

Infant Mortality
70.6
(infant deaths per 1,000 live births)
Deaths under age 5
109.1
(per 1,000 live births)

Nigeria Urban Population

Currently, 53.9 % of the population of Nigeria is urban (120,696,717 people in 2023)

Population Density

The 2023 population density in Nigeria is 246 people per Km2 (636 people per mi2), calculated on a total land area of 910,770 Km2 (351,650 sq. miles).

Largest Cities in Nigeria

# CITY NAME POPULATION
1 Lagos 9,000,000
2 Kano 3,626,068
3 Ibadan 3,565,108
4 Kaduna 1,582,102
5 Port Harcourt 1,148,665
6 Benin City 1,125,058
7 Maiduguri 1,112,449
8 Zaria 975,153
9 Aba 897,560
10 Jos 816,824
11 Ilorin 814,192
12 Oyo 736,072
13 Enugu 688,862
14 Abeokuta 593,100
15 Abuja 590,400
16 Sokoto 563,861
17 Onitsha 561,066
18 Warri 536,023
19 Ebute Ikorodu 535,619
20 Okene 479,178
21 Calabar 461,796
22 Uyo 436,606
23 Katsina 432,149
24 Ado-Ekiti 424,340
25 Akure 420,594
26 Bauchi 316,149
27 Ikeja 313,196
28 Makurdi 292,645
29 Minna 291,905
30 Efon-Alaaye 279,319

See also

Sources

Definitions

Population Pyramid

A Population pyramid (also called "Age-Sex Pyramid") is a graphical representation of the age and sex of a population.

Types:

  • Expansive - pyramid with a wide base (larger percentage of people in younger age groups, indicating high birth rates and high fertility rates) and narrow top (high death rate and lower life expectancies). It suggests a growing population. Example: Nigera Population Pyramid
  • Constrictive - pyramid with a narrow base (lower percentage of younger people, indicating declining birth rates with each succeeding age group getting smaller than the previous one). Example: United States
  • Stationary - with a somewhat equal proportion of the population in each age group. The population is stable, neither increasing nor decreasing.

Stages:

 

Dependency Ratio

There are three types of age dependency ratio: Youth, Elderly, and Total. All three ratios are commonly multiplied by 100.

Youth Dependency Ratio
Definition: population ages 0-15 divided by the population ages 16-64.
Formula: ([Population ages 0-15] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Elderly dependency ratio
Definition: population ages 65-plus divided by the population ages 16-64.
Formula: ([Population ages 65-plus] ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

Total dependency ratio
Definition: sum of the youth and old-age ratios.
Formula: (([Population ages 0-15] + [Population ages 65-plus]) ÷ [Population ages 16-64]) × 100

NOTE: Dependency Ratio does not take into account labor force participation rates by age group. Some portion of the population counted as "working age" may actually be unemployed or not in the labor force whereas some portion of the "dependent" population may be employed and not necessarily economically dependent.